| Year of assessment | 2024 |
| Date of publication | May 2025 |
| Country procurement volume | 2 billion USD (2017) |
| Principal organisation | Ministère de l'économie et des Finances |
| Main partners | African Development Bank (AfDB), World Bank (WB) |
Madagascar
Recognizing the central role that public procurement plays in public service delivery, financial management, and sustainable development, this MAPS MAIN assessment resulted in recommendations targeting the reform of the legal framework, strengthening the institutional capacity of the regulatory authority, operationalizing the e-procurement system, improving transparency, and enhancing citizen and civil society engagement in procurement oversight.
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Quick facts
Background
Why was a MAPS assessment initiated?
To identify strengths and weaknesses in the national procurement system and provide guidance for sustainable reform aligned with international standards.
Who initiated the assessment?
The Government of Madagascar, represented by the Ministry of Economy and Finance, requested the support of the African Development Bank, with involvement from the World Bank.
Brief description of the country procurement system
The procurement system is governed by the 2016 Public Procurement Code (CMP), which calls for separation of regulatory and control functions. The ARMP is the regulatory body, and CNM oversees control. While the system is centralized in regulatory structure, it faces decentralization challenges in practice, particularly in rural areas. The system is moderately regulated but requires updated procedures, and is not under supranational regulation such as EU directives.
Anything else that merits mention?
The e-GP (electronic Government Procurement) platform has been developed but remains only partially operational. Significant issues persist with delayed payments, impacting market participation and competitiveness.
Main results and impact
- Issue: Key regulations and procedures are outdated or incomplete; the scope of legal recourse is restricted; sustainable procurement is poorly implemented.
- Recommendations:
- Revise the Public Procurement Code to address current socio-economic complexities and tailor procedures for communes.
- Amend Article 83 of the CMP to expand the scope of contestable decisions.
- Update and harmonize all regulatory texts, including standard bidding documents and manuals.
- Finalize and roll out the e-GP system fully, ensuring legal recognition of its procedures.
- Develop implementation guides for sustainable procurement (APD) with integrated environmental and social criteria
- Recommendations:
- Issue: ARMP lacks financial autonomy and capacity; internal controls are weak; professionalization of procurement is lacking.
- Recommendations:
- Operationalize the ARMP’s dedicated funding mechanism to ensure independence.
- Attribute responsibility for professionalization of procurement to ARMP.
- Reform the structure of procurement roles to avoid incompatible tasks.
- Implement internal pre-review mechanisms for procurement below CNM thresholds.
- Configure and make the e-GP system fully functional, and support local communes in its adoption.
- Institutionalize procurement as a recognized profession within public service, with certification and training programs.
- Recommendations:
- Issue: Civil society and private sector participation is limited; procurement planning lacks market analysis; payment delays deter bidders.
- Recommendations:
- Enable direct participation of civil society in procurement processes.
- Publish manuals for market studies to support procurement planning.
- Improve payment timelines to encourage broader competition.
- Involve private sector actors in reform processes and decision-making.
- Ensure inclusive representation (public, private, civil society) in ARMP’s governing bodies.
- Recommendations:
- Issue: Weak audit and oversight mechanisms; limited civil society access and participation; underdeveloped ethics and anti-corruption infrastructure.
- Recommendations:
- Establish legal frameworks for citizen participation in procurement monitoring.
- Revise rules to enforce mandatory reporting of fraud and corruption allegations.
- Develop secure channels (e.g., hotlines or web portals) for whistleblowing.
- Provide integrity and ethics training for all procurement actors.
- Institutionalize inclusive reform processes and enable effective civil society oversight through formal partnerships and transparency mechanisms.
- Reorganize CNM to function as a structured directorate with codified roles and responsibilities.
- Recommendations: